Link to slideshow presentation:
https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1nn7afPlYQDN-c06183f_SPUy_-3QY_Z-SVf5ZttByoQ/edit?usp=sharing
Notes from presentation:
https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1nn7afPlYQDN-c06183f_SPUy_-3QY_Z-SVf5ZttByoQ/edit?usp=sharing
Notes from presentation:
-What is it?
-The illusion of movement. Pictures are put together really fast to make it seem like a still object is moving.
-History and Invention
-Around since late 1800s
-Adding movement to inanimate objects
-Objects are photographed, moved slightly and photographed again.
-This process is repeated over and over
-The photos are then patched together to create an animation
-The Humpty Dumpty Circus
-First example of a stop motion animation
-Made in 1898 by Albert Smith and Stuart Blackton
-They were the founders of Vitagraph Studios, a United States motion picture studio founded in Brooklyn
-Features a circus with acrobats and animals in motion
-Used Smith’s daughter’s set of small circus dolls that had jointed limbs which made them able to balance in place
-Believed to have used the Humpty Dumpty Circus toy set that was very popular at the time
-The film has been lost
-Emile Cohl
-French cartoonist and animator
-Believed to have brought stop motion to America
-For his short films he used drawings, puppets and other inanimate objects he could find
-First stop motion animation film he created was called Fantasmagorie, finished in 1908
-Used 700 drawings that he individually photographed to create an animated sequence
-Each drawing was double exposed
-Considered first fully animated film
Play Video
-Willis O’Brien
-American motion picture special effects and stop motion animator pioneer
-Special effects artist for motion pictures
-Used clay at first but began making more intricate models as he gained knowledge and popularity in the field
-Began building complex armatures covered in rubber skin
-Used a rubber bladder that allowed some of his characters to fight, move and breathe when it was deflated and inflated
-First film was The Lost World released in 1925
-Had stop motion animation that he worked on
-This landed him a job working on King Kong released in 1933
-Studied gorillas in zoos and wrestling matches, helped him make it seem realistic
-Kong was made from metal armature with ball and socket joints and was built up using foam and covered in rabbit fur
-Live action mixed with stop motion which was groundbreaking at the time
-First time a cellulose acetate screen was used for rear projection
-Would use a blue screen behind actors to put live action into existing footage
-Methods were used in most monster films until the 1990s when computer animation become more widely used
Play Video, Skip through some
-Types of Stop Motion Animation
-Many different types
-Puppet Animation
-Using puppet figures that have an armature inside them to keep them still and steady to constrain their motion to particular joints
-Can use different versions of puppet or manipulate the puppet
-Clay Animation
-Uses figures made of clay or a similar malleable material
-Like puppet animation, they have an armature or wire frame inside so they can be manipulated and posed
-Strata Cut Animation : common form of clay animation
-Long bread like loaf of clay is internally packed tight with various imagery
-Sliced into thin sheets
-Camera takes frame of the end of the loaf for each cut, revealing the movement of the images within
-Cut Out Animation
-Moving two dimensional pieces of paper or cloth
-Silhouette Animation is a variation of this
-Characters are backlit and just visible as silhouettes
-Model Animation
-Interact with and exist as a part of live action world
-Often used with matte effects and split screens to blend characters and live action together
-Object Animation
-Regular inanimate objects used instead of specially created objects
-Brickfilm: Uses lego and similar objects to make an animation
-Can even use photographs
-Pixilation
-Use of real people
-Allows for surreal effects like disappearances and reappearances and making it seem like people slid across the ground
-Tim Burton
-Director and producer
-Uses stop motion animation techniques in his films
-The Nightmare Before Christmas (produced and conceived by) (1993) and Corpse Bride (2005) used them
-Uses advanced puppets with armatures
-Corpse Bride was the first stop motion animation to be shot on a digital camera
-Likes that the technique goes back to the beginning roots of film and feels more like a personal medium
-Henry Selick
- Stop motion director, producer and writer
-Directed The Nightmare Before Christmas (1993), James and The Giant Peach (1996) and Coraline (2009)
-The Nightmare Before Christmas was the first full length stop motion animation from a major American studio
-Coraline was the first Stereoscopic stop motion animated movie
-Meaning it was 3D
-How to Do it
-Use a camera
-Install a stop motion software
-Can use on any device
-Some softwares include: iStopMotion, Boinx, I Can Animate 2, Stop Motion Pro, Windows Movie Maker
-OR use a video editor like iMovie
-Find Objects and figures (or build them)
-One second of film can take 18-24 photos
-Use consistent lighting
-Arrange the scene
-Set up your camera
-Begin shooting
-When editing, duplicate frames so movement happens at a slower pace
-Slow down to 6-8 frames so an object pauses before moving
-Creative Use of Stop Motion
-Can be used to tell a story or express an idea/feeling/mood
-Students can learn about building simple armatures and use clay or other materials to build up the form around it
-Then work collaboratively with others to create a short stop motion film using everyone’s creations
-This could be done with middle school students
-Have to use each others creations to tell a story or express something
-Change to be creative in multiple ways - building of object and the film they make
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